Waveform Generator
Nonsinusoidal
oscillators generate complex waveforms such as those just discussed. Because
the outputs of these oscillators are generally characterized by a sudden
change, or relaxation, these oscillators are often called RELAXATION
OSCILLATORS. The pulse repetition rate of these oscillators is usually governed
by the charge and discharge timing of a capacitor in series with a resistor.
However, some
oscillators contain inductors that along with circuit resistance, affect the
output frequency. These RC and LC networks within oscillator circuits are used
for frequency determination. Within this category of relaxation oscillators are
MULTIVIBRATORS, BLOCKING OSCILLATORS, and SAWTOOTH- and TRAPEZOIDALWAVE
GENERATORS. Many electronic circuits are not in an "on" condition all
of the time. In computers, for example, waveforms must be turned on and off for
specific lengths of time.
The time
intervals vary from tenths of microseconds to several thousand microseconds.
Square and rectangular waveforms are normally used to turn such circuits on and
off because the sharp leading and trailing edges make them ideal for timing
purposes.
Time-Base Generators
Radar sets,
oscilloscopes, and computer circuits all use sawtooth (voltage or current)
waveforms. A sawtooth waveshape must have a linear rise. The sawtooth waveform
is often used to produce a uniform,progressive movement of an electron beam
across the face of an electrostatic cathode ray tube.
This movement of
the electron beam is known as a SWEEP. The voltage which causes this movement
is known as SWEEP VOLTAGE and the circuit which produces this voltage is the
SWEEP GENERATOR,or TIMEBASE GENERATOR.
Most common types of time-base
generators develop the sawtooth waveform by using some type of switching action
with either the charge or discharge of an RC or RL circuit.
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